How real is South-South transfer? What does it mean in practice? Why has it become an issue? This volume, the first academic book to deal specifically with South-South cooperation in relation to education, shifts the discussion away from the promotional material of international development agencies and non-governmental organisations (NGOs) to critically look at why so many agencies and researchers in development studies herald South-South transfer as a new type of international technical assistance that propels a more symmetrical relationship between the lenders and the borrowers of educational reforms or projects. While the volume draws on the wider literature on South-South cooperation from the history, political science, development studies and sociology disciplines, the authors contribute to the existing literature in education and development, policy borrowing and lending literature by adding new perspectives.